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Flat foot

| What is it? | Is this condition always a bad thing? | How can I tell if my foot corrects fully? (What does it mean?) | When might there be a problem? | Are there any other variants in shape? | What makes the arch? | What can cause this condition and how? | What symptoms might I get? | What treatments are available for a painful flat foot? | What happens if I leave my condition untreated? | Tibialis posterior reconstruction | Why can't the tendon simply be repaired? | The operation - operative schematics | Operative stills - a) the calcaneal osteotomy ("heel shift") | Operative stills - b) the tibialis posterior debridement and flexor digitorum transfer | After the operation | Chance of success | The stiff (non correctable) and painful arthritic flat foot | What and why? | Are there any catches? | The operation - operative stills-triple fusion | The operation - pre and post operative appearance | After the operation

 

Is a flat foot always a bad thing ?
Not at all.
Your foot may be made this way and in children this can be a normal stage of foot development.
It is entirely compatible with normal day to day and sporting capabilities.
A 'good' flat foot is bilateral, painless, has been present a long time, is not progressing, and is flexible(corrects fully).

How can I tell if my foot corrects fully? (what does it mean?)
When you stand on tip toe you should develop an arch and your heel move inwards.
From this it is possible to say that the joints, tendons and ligaments (which go to form the arch) are all functioning normally when 'called upon'.  Though it often indicates a clean bill of health it doesn't always. There may never the less be the early stages of a problem (for example an early tendonitis of the tibialis posterior tendon).

a left sided flat foot
A left sided flat foot

abnormal response to going onto tip toes
abnormal response to heel raise
normal response to heel raise

The first two pictures show an abnormal response to going onto tip toes(a heel raise), with the heels remaining facing away from the midline of the body.
The third picture shows the normal response with heels moving to face inwards.

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